Cannabis Basics
Beta-Caryophyllene: Effects, Flavours and Cannabis Strains
Beta-caryophyllene, sometimes written as β-caryophyllene or just caryophyllene, is one of the most common terpenes found in cannabis, especially in cannabis extracts that use heat for decarboxylation.
Last updated March 27, 2025 | Published on December 16, 2020
Our terpene spotlight is an in-depth exploration of the 5 most common terpenes found in cannabis: myrcene, pinene, limonene, and linalool.
To jog your memory — terpenes are fragrant oils found in plants (not just cannabis) that produce a unique taste and smell.
Beta-caryophyllene is a very unique terpene -- it was one of the first cannabis-derived compounds (after THC, CBD, and CBN) that was shown to work directly with the endocannabinoid system. Because of this, it’s sometimes classified as an atypical cannabinoid as well as a terpene and will selectively bind to CB2 receptors in the body, which can primarily be found in the immune system.
However, unlike the cannabinoids THC, CBD and CBN, which are only found in cannabis, beta-caryophyllene is often referred to as the “dietary cannabinoid” since it is also commonly found in food such as black pepper.
In plants, beta-caryophyllene may help prevent herbivorous insects from eating the plant, while also attracting specifics bugs to eat such insects. Commercially, beta-caryophyllene is often used to add both fragrance and flavour to food products, perfumes and skin care products.
What does beta-caryophyllene smell like?
Beta-caryophyllene has a strong, sharp aroma. When inhaled deeply, it creates a warming, tingling sensation, similar to sniffing a strong spice. Under its initial spicy kick, beta-caryophyllene reveals mellow undertones of wood and earth.
The full-bodied aromas of beta-caryophyllene make it a great addition to perfumes, adding balance so scents aren’t too strong or sweet. It also lasts a long time and helps fragrances stay on the skin longer.
What does beta-caryophyllene taste like?
Beta-caryophyllene has a bold, spicy and earthy taste with a touch of wood and warmth. It’s found in black pepper and cloves, giving them a flavourful kick. Common in spices and seasonings, this terpene also adds depth to milder plant flavours. Some natural sources of beta-caryophyllene include:
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black pepper
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cloves
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cinnamon
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oregano
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basil
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hops
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rosemary
Where is beta-caryophyllene found?
Beta-caryophyllene is sourced from the essential oils of plants like cloves, black pepper, cinnamon, hops, basil, oregano, lavender and rosemary. In these plants, beta-caryophyllene keeps harmful insects away while attracting helpful ones that eat pests. Because of this, it’s often used in organic pesticides.
In food and drinks, beta-caryophyllene boosts citrus and spicy flavours, while in perfumes and candles, it adds warm, woody notes. It’s also found in household cleaners and air fresheners because of its fresh, earthy scent.
Some products that contain beta-caryophyllene include:
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perfumes and other scented products
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beer, especially hoppy varieties like IPAs or stouts
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clove cigarettes
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cleaning products
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cinnamon gum
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natural insect repellent
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Middle Eastern spice blends like za’atar and baharat
What are the reported effects of beta-caryophyllene?
Currently, not much research has investigated the effects of consuming cannabis with high levels of beta-caryophyllene. However, a study from 2022, conducted on mice and rats explored the effectiveness of beta-caryophyllene in the treatment of inflammatory medical conditions.
It’s important to note that cannabis sold on OCS.ca and Authorized Cannabis Stores is meant for recreational purposes only. To learn more about the use of cannabis for medical purposes, please speak to a healthcare practitioner.
Research on cannabis and its related effects is ongoing, and over time, more information on terpenes such as beta-caryophyllene will become widely available. It’s important to balance any perceived positive effects associated with terpenes with the reported negative effects of cannabis consumption.
Now you know more about beta-caryophyllene, the unique terpene that moonlights as a cannabinoid. Better yet, you know how to identify it and some strains to start out with as you explore this spicy terp.
